Investigating Double Descent in Fully Connected Neural Networks on MNIST

Repositoryjosch14/double-descentResearch

A research project from the University of Ulm analyses the double descent phenomenon in two-layer fully connected neural networks (FCNNs) using the MNIST dataset. The work reproduces and expands upon Belkin et al. (2019), evaluating the impact of label noise and regularization techniques.

Key points

  1. Investigates the double descent risk curve where test error initially decreases, increases, and then decreases again as model capacity grows.
  2. Reproduces and extends findings from Belkin et al. (2019) specifically for two-layer FCNNs.
  3. Demonstrates that introducing label noise makes the double descent curve apparent, outperforming the weight-reuse scheme.
  4. Shows that regularization via dropout and L2 penalty effectively mitigates the phenomenon.
  5. Provides experiment runners, configuration logs, generated plots, and a full research report.

Why it matters

Double descent bridges classical statistics (which warns that larger models overfit) and modern deep learning practice (where overparameterised models often perform better). This project offers reproducible empirical evidence on how noise and capacity interact.

Analysis

Implemented in Python 3.10 using PyTorch 2.0.1, scikit-learn, and Matplotlib, this repository serves academic researchers and students studying statistical learning theory. With a modest footprint (15 stars, 1 fork) and an academic origin, it is structured as an experimental testbed and reproducible report rather than production software.

Found in

Summary generated by AI (Gemini 3.8 Flash, 27 September 2026). It may contain errors – the original source is authoritative.

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Locations

  • Mattersburg
    Johann Nepomuk Bergerstraße 7/2/14
    7210 Mattersburg, Austria
  • Vienna
    Ungargasse 64-66/3/404
    1030 Wien, Austria

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