COLDCARD: Bitcoin-Only Hardware Wallets with Dual Secure Elements

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COLDCARD presents its Bitcoin-only hardware wallets, the Q and Mk5, emphasising air-gapped signing, two independent secure elements, and verifiable open-source firmware.

Key points

  1. Device models: COLDCARD Q features a 3.2-inch LCD screen, full QWERTY keyboard, QR code scanner, and dual USB-C/AAA battery power; Mk5 provides a pocket-sized OLED form factor with a numeric keypad and MicroSD slot.
  2. Dual secure elements: The BIP-39 seed is split across microcontrollers and two secure elements from separate vendors (Microchip ATECC608 and Maxim DS28C36B).
  3. Air-gap operation: Transfers PSBTs using MicroSD, QR codes, NFC, or USB, with all data interfaces turned off by default.
  4. Duress countermeasures: Includes decoy duress PINs deriving an alternate wallet, hardware self-destruction PINs (Brick Me, Countdown to Brick), and forced login countdown delays.
  5. No vendor lock-in: Operates without mandatory companion software or user accounts; compatible with Sparrow, Specter, Cove, Nunchuk, and Electrum.
  6. Offline vault features: Supports BIP-85 child seed generation, encrypted password/note storage, and anti-phishing words displayed midway through PIN entry.

Why it matters

By relying on completely air-gapped communication channels and multi-vendor secure element isolation, hardware wallets of this design mitigate risks stemming from single-chip exploits and connected host compromises. Interoperability with open-source wallet coordinators prevents dependence on proprietary infrastructure.

Analysis

COLDCARD is engineered strictly around Bitcoin custody and physical threat modelling. The clear casing assists in spotting illicit hardware modifications, and factory-signed boot checks control dedicated indicator circuits. Disclosures regarding fixed firmware tracks and hardware RNG validation highlight the ongoing necessity of verifying firmware and migrating vulnerable seed phrases when flaws are discovered.

Found in

Summary generated by AI (Gemini 3.8 Flash, 27 September 2026). It may contain errors – the original source is authoritative.

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